Scrummages are a crucial aspect of rugby union games, where eight players from each team form a tight formation to contest possession of the ball or gain territory. In this article, we will delve into the rules surrounding scrums in rugby and explore their significance within the sport.

A Scrum: An Introduction

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In rugby union, a scrum is formed when play has been stopped due to an infringement by either team that does not result in a free-kick or penalty. This can happen for various reasons such as:

- A player deliberately knocks the ball out of touch with their hands.

- Any number of players from both teams simultaneously collapse into contact.

The Scrum Formation

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To form a scrum, each team lines up in a specific formation:

1. The two hooker positions (number 2) bind together at the middle point of the scrum.

2. On either side of them are the two locks or second row forwards (numbers 4 and 5).

3. At both ends stand the two flankers, one on each side.

Scrummaging Roles

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In a typical rugby union game, it is usually the team's forward players who take part in scrums due to their size, strength, and physicality compared to the backs. The roles within these front rows are:

1. Hooker: Responsible for hooking (either towards or away from) the ball back into play.

2. Prop:

a) Loosehead prop (#1): Position themselves on the side of the scrum opposite to their own scrum-half's hands and act as an anchor against scrums being collapsed.

b) Tighthead prop (#3): Stand directly in front of hooker, binding onto him with both arms around his chest or shoulders. They push forward together with all their strength when trying to win a scrummage.

Scrummaging Technique

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To effectively execute a successful scrum:

1. The props must bind solidly and securely around the second row forwards (lock and flanker) in front of them.

2. As soon as the referee shouts 'Go!', all players should push forward together with their feet shoulder-width apart, keeping their heads down and backs straight.

Key Skills for a Scrummager

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For any player looking to excel at scrumming they need:

1. Strength: To maintain possession of the ball or gain ground.

2. Speed and Power: To quickly bind onto opponents and win contact.

3. Technique: Proper technique is essential in both forming an effective scrummaging formation as well as executing a successful scrummage.

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In conclusion, understanding the rules surrounding scrums is vital for any rugby union player looking to excel on the pitch. Whether you're playing at club level or representing your country like Wales' own Terry Holmes who won two Lions tours in 1980 and 1983 due in part thanks to his impressive skills as a scrum-half; having knowledge of how these crucial set pieces work will give you an edge over your opponents every time they take the field.

Scrum in rugby